Constructivist biosemiotics foundations.
Source: a, bPunch’s cartoon that show succinctly the cognitivist third-person hypothesis and the alternative one. a In the cognitivist third-person hypothesis, to catch his prey, for the observer, the kingfisher must represent in its brain the Snell’s refraction law by information processing. b The constructivist lecture show how the significance levels can be seen arising from the underlying structural network of the kingfisher and the model of the observer. c René Magritte’s painting (1928–29) pointing out the levels of realms in cognitive relations. A painted pipe is just an approximate map of a real pipe. d M.C. Escher’s Print Gallery lithograph showing how a young man is standing inside the same print as the one he is looking at. A constructivist interpretation in first-person indicates that what is observed is an active and enactive relation of the observer, depicting the complex closed loop of embodiment relations. e Rosen’s Modeling Relation shows that the observation of natural systems, governed by causal relations, is a cognitive act reflected in the relations of measurement and prediction subject to mathematical systems of inferential rules. If the mathematical system corresponds to the causal relations, then it can be assumed as a ‘Natural Law’. f Maturana draws how nervous system, though organizationally closed, use language to loop-through the other. g Minimization of free energy by active inference and prediction error indicates one possible formal representation of cognition and autopoiesis